Sazetak
Abstract:
Since 1085 Toledo became the most important city in Spain and its cultural and intellectual center. The scholars of Toledo were often Arabic speaking and they relied on Arabic sources in their work. When they came into contact with western Christendom, it became necessary to translate this material. In the library of the cathedral classical texts were translated, together with the commentaries and elaborations provided by Arabic scholars. This was an exciting task since the Arabs had access to many works, including classical Greek texts, which European scholars had heard about but never themselves read. Numerous classical works of ancient philosophers and scientists had been translated during Islamic Golden Age into Arabic and then in Toledo many works were translated from Arabic (but also from Jewish and Greek) into Latin. This work made available very important texts, specially those of Aristotle and neoplatonic school. As a result, the library of Toledo, became a translations center of a scale and importance not matched in the history of western culture
Key words: Translation, Toledo, Islam, Christianity, Gundisalvo, philosophy, Arabic, Latin
Abstract:
Od 1085. Toledo je najznačajniji grad u kršćanskom dijelu Španjolske, njegovo kulturno i intelektualno središte. Učenjaci iz Toleda često su poznavali arapski jezik i oslanjali se u svom radu na arapske izvore. Došavši u doticaj sa zapadnim kršćanstvom uspostavila se potreba prevođenja građe. U knjižnici toledske katedrale prevođeni su tekstovi zajedno s komentarima i elaboracijama arapskih učenjaka. To je bila uzbudljiva zadaća, budući da su Arapi imali pristup mnogim djelima, uključujući i klasične grčke tekstove, za koje su europski učenjaci čuli, ali ih nikad nisu pročitali. Mnoga klasična djela drevnih filozofa i učenjaka bila su tokom Islamskog zlatnog doba prevedena na arapski a potom su u Toledu prevođena s arapskog (ali i s hebrejskog i grčkog) na latinski. Time su postali dostupni važni tekstovi, posebno Aristotelova djela kao i neoplatonički spisi. Rezultat je bio taj da je knjižnica u Toledu postala prevoditeljsko središte čija je važnost bez presedana u povijesti zapadne kulture.
Ključne riječi: prevođenje, Toledo, islam, kršćanstvo, filozofija, Gundisalvo, arapski, latinski